Vaccinium uliginosum
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Species: | V. uliginosum
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Vaccinium uliginosum | |
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Vaccinium uliginosum (bog bilberry, bog blueberry,[2] northern bilberry or western blueberry[3]) is a Eurasian and North American flowering plant in the genus Vaccinium within the heath family.
Distribution
Vaccinium uliginosum is native to cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, at low altitudes in the Arctic, and at high altitudes south to the Pyrenees, the Alps, and the Caucasus in Europe, the mountains of Mongolia, northern China, the Korean Peninsula and central Japan in Asia, and the Sierra Nevada in California and the Rocky Mountains in Utah in North America.[4][5][6][7]
It grows on wet acidic soils on heathland, moorland, tundra, and in the understory of coniferous forests, from sea level in the Arctic, up to 3,400 metres (11,200 ft) altitude in the south of the range.
Description
Vaccinium uliginosum is a small deciduous shrub growing to 10–75 cm (4–30 in) tall, rarely 1 m (3.3 ft) tall, with brown stems (unlike the green stems of the closely related bilberry). The leaves are oval, 4–30 mm (0.16–1.18 in) long and 2–15 mm (0.08–0.59 in) wide, blue-green with pale net-like veins, with a smooth margin and rounded apex.[4]
The flowers are pendulous, urn-shaped, pale pink, 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long, produced in mid spring. The fruit is a dark blue-black berry 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in) diameter, with a white flesh, edible and sweet when ripe in late summer.[4]
Subspecies
Some authors separate them, but these are not considered distinct by all authorities. The subspecies are:
- Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. microphyllum Lange – Arctic plants
- Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. occidentale (A.Gray) Hultén – North American plants
- Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. uliginosum
Culinary use
In Korea, bog bilberry is used in infused liquor.
Deuljjuk-sul (bog bilberry liquor) and jindallae-sul (Korean rhododendron liquor) produced in North Korea
References
- ↑ "{{#Property:P225}}". The Plant List. Missouri Botanical Garden. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ↑ "Vaccinium uliginosum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
- ↑ Wallace, Gary D. (2017). "Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. occidentale". In Jepson Flora Project. Jepson eFlora. University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Vander Kloet, Sam P. (2009). "{{#property:P225}}". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee. Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 8. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ↑ Fang, Ruizheng; Steven, Peter F. "{{#property:P225}}". Flora of China. 14 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, Falso mirtillo, Vaccinium uliginosum L.
- ↑ "Vaccinium uliginosum". State-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
Further reading
- Blamey, M.; Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). Flora of Britain and Northern Europe. Hodder & Stoughton.
External links
- Den virtuelle floran – Distribution of Vaccinium uliginosum
- Calflora
- Jepson Manual treatment of Vaccinium uliginosum – flora of California.
- Flora Europaea: Vaccinium uliginosum
- Plants of British Columbia: Vaccinium uliginosum
- Vaccinium uliginosum in the CalPhotos Photo Database, University of California, Berkeley
- Media related to Vaccinium uliginosum at Wikimedia Commons
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- Vaccinium
- Berries
- Alpine flora
- Arctic flora
- Flora of the Alps
- Flora of Europe
- Flora of temperate Asia
- Flora of Canada
- Flora of Greenland
- Flora of the Northeastern United States
- Flora of the Western United States
- Flora of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)
- Bird food plants
- Japanese fruit
- Plants described in 1753
- Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
- Blueberries