Common bean
| Common bean | |
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A flat-podded variety of the common bean
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| Scientific classification | |
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| Subtribe: | Phaseolinae
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| Genus: | |
| Species: | P. vulgaris
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| Binomial name | |
| Phaseolus vulgaris | |
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Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean[2] (also known as the string bean, field bean, flageolet bean, French bean, garden bean, green bean, haricot bean, pop bean, snap bean, or snap),[3] is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seed (known as just "beans") or unripe fruit (green beans). Raw or undercooked beans contain the toxin phytohaemagglutinin. Its leaf is also occasionally used as a vegetable and the straw as fodder. Its botanical classification, along with other Phaseolus species, is as a member of the legume family Fabaceae, most of whose members acquire the nitrogen they require through an association with rhizobia, a species of nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
The common bean is a highly variable species that has a long history of cultivation. All wild members of the species have a climbing habit,[4] but many cultivars are classified as "bush beans" or "pole beans", depending on their style of growth. These include the kidney bean, the navy bean, the pinto bean, and the wax bean.[3] The other major types of commercially grown bean are the runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus) and the broad bean (Vicia faba).
Edible products
- Dry beans (require long / intense cooking)
- Green (immature) beans
References
- ↑ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
- ↑ Gentry, Howard Scott (1969). "Origin of the Common Bean, Phaseolus vulgaris". Economic Botany. New York: New York Botanical Garden Press. 23 (1): 55–69. doi:10.1007/BF02862972. JSTOR 4253014.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Phaseolus vulgaris L". Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. August 19, 2010. Retrieved September 22, 2013.
- ↑ Phillips, R.; Rix, M. (1993). Vegetables. New York: Random House. ISBN 9780679750246.
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Phaseolus vulgaris, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.