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| − | {{Wikispecies|Impatiens balsamina}}
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| − | [[File:Seed pod fung sin.jpg|thumb|right|Fruits]]
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| − | '''''Impatiens balsamina''''' ('''garden balsam''', '''garden jewelweed''', '''rose balsam''', '''spotted snapweed''', '''touch-me-not''') is a species of ''[[Impatiens]]'' native to southern [[Asia]] in [[India]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Bangladesh]] and [[Myanmar]].
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| − | It is an [[annual plant]] growing to 20–75 cm tall, with a thick, but soft stem. The [[leaf|leaves]] are spirally-arranged, 2.5–9 cm long and 1–2.5 cm broad, with a deeply toothed margin. The [[flower]]s are pink, red, [[mauve]], [[lilac (color)|lilac]], or white, and 2.5–5 cm diameter; they are pollinated by bees and other insects, and also by nectar-feeding birds.<ref name=rhs>Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan {{ISBN|0-333-47494-5}}.</ref> The ripe seed capsules undergo [[explosive dehiscence]].<ref name=pier>[http://www.hear.org/pier/species/impatiens_balsamina.htm ''Impatiens balsamina''.] Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER).</ref>
| + | [[Category:Balsaminaceae]] |
| − | | + | [[Category:Plants for Keenan to eat]] |
| − | ==Human use==
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| − | Different parts of the plant are used as traditional remedies for disease and skin afflictions. Juice from the leaves is used to treat warts and [[snakebite]], and the flower is applied to burns.<ref name=pfaf>Plants for a Future: [http://www.pfaf.org/database/plants.php?Impatiens+balsamina ''Impatiens balsamina'']</ref> This species has been used as indigenous traditional medicine in Asia for [[rheumatism]], fractures, and other ailments.<ref name=wang>{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang YC, Wu DC, Liao JJ, Wu CH, Li WY, Weng BC |title=''In vitro'' activity of ''Impatiens balsamina'' L. against multiple antibiotic-resistant ''Helicobacter pylori'' |journal=Am. J. Chin. Med. |volume=37 |issue=4 |pages=713–22 |year=2009 |pmid=19655409 |doi=10.1142/S0192415X09007181}}</ref> In Korean folk medicine, this impatiens species is used as a medicine called ''bongseonhwa dae'' (봉선화대) for the treatment of [[constipation]] and [[gastritis]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Park JH, Kim JM, Do WI |year=2003 |url=http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search/display.do?f=2004/KR/KR04009.xml;KR2004004760 |title=Pharmacognostical studies on the folk medicine ''bong seon wha dae'' |journal=Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=193–96}}</ref> Chinese people used the plant to treat those bitten by snakes or who ingested poisonous fish.<ref name=Cumo>Christopher Cumo. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Ja7WAQAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA523#v=onepage&q&f=false "Impatiens".] ''Encyclopedia of Cultivated Plants: From Acacia to Zinnia''. Christopher Cumo, ed. ABC-CLIO, 2013. p. 523. {{ISBN|9781598847758}}</ref> Juice from the stalk, pulverised dried stalks, and pastes from the flowers were also used to treat a variety of ailments.<ref name=Cumo/> Vietnamese wash their hair with an extract of the plant to stimulate hair growth.<ref name=Cumo/> One ''[[in vitro]]'' study found extracts of this impatiens species, especially of the seed pod, to be active against antibiotic-resistant strains of ''[[Helicobacter pylori]]''.<ref name=wang/> It is also an [[5-alpha-reductase inhibitor|inhibitor of 5α-reductases]], enzymes that reduce [[testosterone]] levels.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Ishiguro K, Oku H, Kato T |title=Testosterone 5α‐reductase inhibitor bisnaphthoquinone derivative from ''Impatiens balsamina'' |journal=Phytother Res |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=54–6 |date=February 2000 |pmid=10641051 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(200002)14:1<54::AID-PTR540>3.0.CO;2-Q}}</ref>
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| − | In Korea, the flowers are used to produce an orange [[nail varnish]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Naturally dyed red nails |url=http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2468075 |work=[[JoongAng Daily]] |date=12 September 2004 |accessdate=29 August 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Summer, the Way It Used to Be... |url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2008/06/203_25800.html |work=[[The Korea Times]] |date=16 June 2008 |accessdate=29 August 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080616025041/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2008/06/203_25800.html |archivedate=16 June 2008 }}</ref>
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| − | == Chemistry ==
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| − | The naphthoquinones [[lawsone]], or hennotannic acid, and [[lawsone methyl ether]] and [[methylene-3,3'-bilawsone]] are some of the active compounds in ''I. balsamina'' leaves.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sakunphueak A, Panichayupakaranant P |title=Simultaneous determination of three naphthoquinones in the leaves of ''Impatiens balsamina'' L. by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography |journal=Phytochem Anal |volume=21 |issue=5 |pages=444–50 |year=2010 |pmid=20931623 |doi=10.1002/pca.1216}}</ref> It also contains [[kaempferol]] and several derivatives.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hua L, Peng Z, Chia LS, Goh NK, Tan SN |title=Separation of kaempferols in ''Impatiens balsamina'' flowers by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection |journal=J Chromatogr A |volume=909 |issue=2 |pages=297–303 |date=February 2001 |pmid=11269529 |doi=10.1016/S0021-9673(00)01102-X}}</ref> [[Baccharane]] [[glycoside]]s have been found in Chinese herbal remedies made from the seeds.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Li HJ, Yu JJ, Li P |title=Simultaneous qualification and quantification of baccharane glycosides in Impatientis Semen by HPLC–ESI-MSD and HPLC–ELSD |journal=J Pharm Biomed Anal |volume=54 |issue=4 |pages=674–80 |date=March 2011 |pmid=21075577 |doi=10.1016/j.jpba.2010.10.014}}</ref>
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| − | ==Ecology==
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| − | It is widely cultivated as an [[ornamental plant]], and has become [[naturalisation (biology)|naturalised]] and [[invasive species|invasive]] on several Pacific Ocean islands.<ref name=pier/>
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| − | ==Names and etymology==
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| − | {{Expand section|date=August 2014}}
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| − | Common names in other languages include ''mírame lindo'' in [[Spanish language|Spanish]], ''fèngxiānhuā'' (鳳仙花) in Mandarin Chinese, ''bóng nước'' or ''phượng tiên hoa'' (鳳仙花) in Vietnamese, ''bongseonhwa'' (봉선화; 鳳仙花) in [[Korean language|Korean]], ''hōsenka'' (鳳仙花) in Japanese, "dopati" (দোপাটি) in Bengali, ''elepe'' in [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]], ''Koodalu'' in [[Sinhala language|Sinhalese]] ''séfēr'' in [[Jibbali]] and ''kamantigi'' in [[Chamorro language|Chamorro]] and [[Filipino language|Filipino]].<ref name=pier/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stuartxchange.com/Kamantigi.html|title=Kamantigi / Impatiens balsamina / Touch-Me-Not : Philippine Medicinal Herbs / Philippine Alternative Medicine|website=www.stuartxchange.com|access-date=2017-03-30}}</ref>
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| − | The [[Okinawan language|Okinawan]] folk song "[[Tinsagu nu Hana]]" and the 1956 Korean film ''[[Touch-Me-Not]]'' (''Bongseonhwa'' in Korean) are both named for the flower.
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| − | ==References==
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| − | {{Reflist}}
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| − | ==External links==
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| − | *[https://www.drugs.com/npp/jewelweed.html Jewelweeds.] Drugs.com
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| − | {{Taxonbar|from=Q845019}}
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| − | [[Category:Impatiens|balsamina]]
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| − | [[Category:Flora of Myanmar]]
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| − | [[Category:Flora of India (region)]] | |
| − | [[Category:Plants described in 1753]] | |
