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| − | [[File:Lacandonia.PNG|thumb|Flower of ''Lacandonia schismatica'']]
| + | {{inedible family}} |
| − | '''Triuridaceae''' is a family of tropical and subtropical [[flowering plants]], including nine genera with a total of ca 55 known species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016 <ref name="Christenhusz-Byng2016">{{cite journal |author1=Christenhusz, M. J. M. |author2=Byng, J. W. |lastauthoramp=yes | year = 2016 | title = The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 261 | pages = 201–217 | url = http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/download/phytotaxa.261.3.1/20598 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 | issue = 3 | publisher = Magnolia Press }}</ref>). All members lack chlorophyll and are mycoheterotrophic (obtain food by digesting intracellular fungi, often erroneously called 'saprophytes'). The heterotrophicphytic lifestyle of these plants has resulted in a loss of xylem vessels and stomata, and a reduction of leaves to scales.<ref name=Kew>{{cite web|title=Neotropical Triuridaceae|url=http://www.kew.org/science/tropamerica/neotropikey/families/Triuridaceae.htm|publisher=Kew Royal Botanical Gardens|accessdate=2012-10-31}}</ref>
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| − | The flowers of Triuridaceae have tepals which are fused at the base and contain 10 to many free carpels.
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| − | ==Systematics==
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| − | The circumscription of Triuridaceae has been unstable and some taxa may be paraphyletic.<ref name=APGIII>{{cite web|title=Triuridaceae in APG III|url=http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/|accessdate=2012-10-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Maas-van de Kamer, H.|title=The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants Vol. 3|year=1998|publisher=Springer-Verlag|location=Berlin, Germany|isbn=3-540-64060-6|author2=T. Weustenfeld |authorlink=|editor=Kubitzki, K.}}</ref>
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| − | Triuridaceae have been allied with Alismataceae (based on the free carpels) but the [[APG III system]] (2009) places them among the non-commelinid monocots, in the Order Pandanales.
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| − | The genus ''Lacandonia'' is sometimes placed in its own family, Lacandoniaceae.<ref name=Kew /><ref>{{cite journal|last=Martinez|first=E.|author2=C.H. Ramos |title=Lacandoniaceae (Triuridales): Una nueva familia de Mexico|journal=Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden|volume=76|pages=128–135|doi=10.2307/2399346}}</ref>
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| − | Triuridaceae are included in the Kew Royal Botanical Garden World Checklist of Selected Plant Families and were reviewed by H. Maas-van de Kamer and P. Maas-van de Kamer in 2005.<ref name=KewWCSP>{{cite web|title=Triuridaceae|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/prepareChecklist.do?checklist=selected_families%40%40305311020121609585|work=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families|publisher=Kew Royal Botanical Garden|accessdate=2012-10-31}}</ref> In this list, the genera ''[[Andruris]]'' and ''[[Hyalisma]]'' are subsumed into ''Sciaphila'' and ''[[Hexuris]]'' is subsumed into ''Peltophyllum'', but two new genera ''[[Kupea]]'' and ''[[Kihansia]]'' are included. Both genera were described (and placed in Triuridaceae) in 2003. The included genera are:
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| − | *''[[Kihansia]]'' Cheek
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| − | *''[[Kupea]]'' Cheek & S.A.Williams
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| − | *''[[Lacandonia]]'' E.Martínez & Ramos
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| − | *''[[Peltophyllum]]'' Gardner (syn. ''Hexuris'' Miers)
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| − | *''[[Sciaphila]]'' Blume (syn. ''Hyalisma'' Champion)
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| − | *''[[Seychellaria]]'' Hemsl.
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| − | *''[[Soridium]]'' Miers
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| − | *''[[Triuridopsis]]'' H.Maas & Maas
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| − | *''[[Triuris]]'' Miers
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| | ==References== | | ==References== |
| | {{Reflist}} | | {{Reflist}} |
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| − | ==External links==
| + | [[Category:Monocots]] |
| − | :* [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/triurida.htm Triuridaceae] in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). ''[http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ The families of flowering plants]: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval.'' http://delta-intkey.com
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| − | :* [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1200&taxon_id=10917 ''Monocot families'' (USDA)]
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| − | :* [http://www.staff.uni-marburg.de/~b_morpho/maas.html The specialists at work]
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| − | :* [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/images/sciaphila.html photograph of ''Sciaphila'']
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| − | :* [http://www.hkherbarium.net/Herbarium/html%20text/96Sciaphila%20ramosa.htm photographs of ''Sciaphila ramosa'']
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| − | :* [http://www.hkherbarium.net/Herbarium/html%20text/95Sciaphila%20megastyla.htm photographs of ''Sciaphila megastyla'']
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| − | :* [http://taxa.soken.ac.jp/MakinoDB/makino/DCP0004/html_j/125.html type of ''Sciaphila tosaensis'']
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| − | :* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Tree&id=232376&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock NCBI Taxonomy Browser]
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| − | :* [http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/cgi/gateway_family?fam=Triuridaceae links at CSDL, Texas]
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| − | [[Category:Triuridaceae| ]]
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| − | [[Category:Monocot families]] | |
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