|
|
| Line 7: |
Line 7: |
| | * ''Mimulus aurantiacus'' <small>Curtis</small> | | * ''Mimulus aurantiacus'' <small>Curtis</small> |
| | * ''Diplacus glutinosus'' var. ''aurantiacus'' <small>(Curtis) Lindl.</small> | | * ''Diplacus glutinosus'' var. ''aurantiacus'' <small>(Curtis) Lindl.</small> |
| − | |synonyms_ref = <ref name=Barker/> | + | |synonyms_ref = |
| | }} | | }} |
| | | | |
| − | '''''Diplacus aurantiacus''''', the '''sticky monkey-flower''' or '''orange bush monkey-flower''', is a [[flowering plant]] that grows in a [[subshrub]] form, native to southwestern [[North America]] from southwestern [[Oregon]] south through most of [[California]]. It is a member of the lopseed family, [[Phrymaceae]]. It was formerly known as ''Mimulus aurantiacus''.<ref name=jepson>[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=33540 ''Mimulus aurantiacus''.] The Jepson Manual.</ref><ref name=Barker>{{citation |authors=Barker, W.R.; Nesom, G.L.; Beardsley, P.M.; Fraga, N.S. |year=2012 |title=A taxonomic conspectus of Phrymaceae: A narrowed circumscriptions for ''Mimulus'', new and resurrected genera, and new names and combinations |journal=Phytoneuron |volume=2012-39 |pages=1–60 |url=http://www.phytoneuron.net/PhytoN-Phrymaceae.pdf}}</ref><ref name="beardolm2">{{cite journal | last1 = Beardsley | first1 = P. M.|last2=Yen|first2=Alan | last3 = Olmstead | first3 = R. G. | year = 2003 | title = AFLP Phylogeny of Mimulus Section Erythranthe and the Evolution of Hummingbird Pollination| url = http://www.amjbot.org/content/89/7/1093.full | journal = Evolution | volume = 57 | issue =6| pages = 1397–1410|jstor=3448862 | doi=10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00347.x}}</ref><ref name="beardolm1">{{cite journal | last1 = Beardsley | first1 = P. M. | last2 = Olmstead | first2 = R. G. | year = 2002 | title = Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of ''Mimulus'', tribe Mimuleae, and ''Phryma'' | url = http://www.amjbot.org/content/89/7/1093.full | journal = American Journal of Botany | volume = 89 | issue = 7 | pages = 1093–1102 | doi=10.3732/ajb.89.7.1093|jstor=4122195}}</ref><ref name="Schoenig">{{cite journal | last1 = Beardsley | first1 = P. M.|last2=Schoenig|first2=Steve E.| last3 = Whittall | first3 = Justen B. | last4 = Olmstead| first4 =Richard G. | year = 2004 | title =Patterns of Evolution in Western North American Mimulus (Phrymaceae) | journal = American Journal of Botany| volume =91 | issue =3| pages = 474-4890|jstor=4123743 | doi=10.3732/ajb.91.3.474}}</ref>
| + | [[Category:Phrymaceae]] |
| − | | + | [[Category:Plants for Keenan to eat]] |
| − | ==Description==
| |
| − | ''Diplacus aurantiacus'' grows up to 1.2 meters (4 feet) tall, has deep green, sticky [[leaf|leaves]] 3 to 7 centimeters long and up to a centimeter broad and flowering stems that grow vertically.<ref name=jepson/> The [[flower]]s are tubular at the base and about 2 centimeters long with five broad lobes; they occur in a variety of shades from white to red, the most common color being a light orange. They are honey plants [[pollination|pollinated]] by [[bee]]s and [[hummingbird]]s.
| |
| − | | |
| − | It grows in many [[climate]]s and will thrive in many types of soil, wet, dry, sandy, or rocky. It even grows in [[serpentine soil|serpentine]], a soil that most plants have difficulty thriving in because of its unique mineral composition.
| |
| − | | |
| − | ''Diplacus aurantiacus'' is an important host plant for the larvae of the [[Junonia coenia|common buckeye butterfly]] (''Junonia coenia'') and the [[variable checkerspot]] (''Euphydryas chalcedona''),<ref>[http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/botany/wildflow/wildflowers.asp?w_id=16 ''Mimulus aurantiacus''.] California Wildflowers. California Academy of Sciences.</ref> despite a [[phenol]]ic resin in the leaves which deter its feeding.<ref name=han>{{cite journal | last1 = Han | first1 = K. | last2 = Lincoln | first2 = D. E. | year = 1994 | title = The evolution of carbon allocation to plant secondary metabolites: a genetic analysis of cost in ''Diplacus aurantiacus'' | journal = Evolution | volume = 48 | issue = 5| pages = 1550–63 | jstor = 2410247 | doi = 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1994.tb02195.x }}</ref> This resin also helps the plant retain water in dry environments.<ref name=han/>
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Cultivation==
| |
| − | Species and cultivars are used in water conserving, [[native plant]], and [[habitat garden]]s.<ref>Nickel, E. [http://www.sfgate.com/homeandgarden/pickoftheweek/article/Mimulus-are-exotic-natives-of-California-4718018.php ''Mimulus'' are exotic natives of California.] ''San Francisco Chronicle'' August 8, 2013.</ref>
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Traditional Native American medical plant==
| |
| − | The [[Miwok]] and [[Pomo people|Pomo]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] used the plant to treat minor ailments such as sores, burns, diarrhea, and eye irritation. They used the colorful flowers for decorative purposes.<ref>[https://www.nps.gov/prsf/learn/nature/sticky-monkey-flower.htm Sticky Monkey Flower.] Presidio of San Francisco. National Park Service.</ref>
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Gallery==
| |
| − | <gallery>
| |
| − | Image:Stickymonkeyflower.jpg|
| |
| − | Image:Mimulus aurantiacus flowers 2003-03-11.jpg|
| |
| − | Image:Mimulus aurantiacus-1.jpg|
| |
| − | Image:Mimulus aurantiacus-4.jpg|
| |
| − | Image:Mimulusaurantiacus.jpg|
| |
| − | </gallery>
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==References==
| |
| − | {{Reflist}}
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==External links==
| |
| − | {{Commons category|Erythranthe aurantiacus|position=left}}
| |
| − | | |
| − | *[http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-taxon=Mimulus+aurantiacus ''Mimulus aurantiacus''.] CalFlora.
| |
| − | * [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=DIAU USDA Plants profile for ''Diplacus aurantiacus''.] USDA PLANTS.
| |
| − | * [https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=502080 ITIS−Integrated Taxonomic Information System: ''Diplacus aurantiacus''.] Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
| |
| − | * [http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Mimulus+aurantiacus ''Mimulus aurantiacus''.] [[CalPhotos]].
| |
| − | | |
| − | {{Taxonbar|from=Q3314656}}
| |
| − | | |
| − | [[Category:Diplacus|aurantiacus]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Flora of California]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Flora of Oregon]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Flora of the Cascade Range]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Flora of the Klamath Mountains]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Flora of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Flora of the California desert regions]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Flora of the Sonoran Deserts]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Natural history of the California Coast Ranges]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Natural history of the Central Valley (California)]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Natural history of the Channel Islands of California]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Natural history of the Colorado Desert]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Natural history of the San Francisco Bay Area]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Natural history of the Santa Monica Mountains]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Natural history of the Transverse Ranges]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Plants used in traditional Native American medicine]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Garden plants of North America]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Drought-tolerant plants]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Bird food plants]]
| |
