Difference between revisions of "Vaccinium uliginosum"

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| binomial = ''Vaccinium uliginosum''
 
| binomial = ''Vaccinium uliginosum''
 
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
 
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
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| synonyms_ref = <ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2457998 The Plant List, ''Vaccinium uliginosum'' L. ]</ref>
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| synonyms_ref = <ref>{{ThePlantList |authority=L.}}</ref>
 
| synonyms =
 
| synonyms =
 
*''Myrtillus grandis'' <small>Bubani</small>
 
*''Myrtillus grandis'' <small>Bubani</small>
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*''Vaccinium salicinum'' <small>Cham. & Schltdl.</small>
 
*''Vaccinium salicinum'' <small>Cham. & Schltdl.</small>
 
}}
 
}}
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'''''Vaccinium uliginosum''''' ('''bog bilberry''', '''bog blueberry''',<ref>{{PLANTS |id=VAUL |taxon=Vaccinium uliginosum |accessdate=28 July 2015}}</ref> '''northern bilberry''' or '''western blueberry'''<ref>{{Jepson eFlora|53312|Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. occidentale |first=Gary D. |last=Wallace |date=2017|access-date=18 July 2018}}</ref>) is a Eurasian and North American [[flowering plant]] in the [[genus]] ''[[Vaccinium]]'' within the [[Ericaceae|heath family]].
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==Distribution==
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[[File:Blueberries collected in Zakamensky district of Buryatia, Russia.jpg|thumb|Blueberries collected in [[Zakamensky District]] of [[Buryatia]], [[Russia]]]]
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''Vaccinium uliginosum'' is native to cool temperate regions of the [[Northern Hemisphere]], at low altitudes in the [[Arctic]], and at high altitudes south to the [[Pyrenees]], the [[Alps]], and the [[Caucasus]] in [[Europe]], the mountains of [[Mongolia]], northern [[China]], the [[Korean Peninsula]] and central [[Japan]] in [[Asia]], and the [[Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Sierra Nevada]] in [[California]] and the [[Rocky Mountains]] in [[Utah]] in [[North America]].<ref name=galadriel>{{eFloras|1 |family=Ericaceae |first=Sam P. |last=Vander Kloet}}</ref><ref>{{eFloras|2 |family=Ericaceae |last1=Fang |first1=Ruizheng<!-- This name seems to be given in the Chinese order, with surname first, as first names are more often two syllables and 方 (fāng) is listed as a surname on Wiktionary. --> |first2=Peter F. |last2=Steven}}</ref><ref>[http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=vaccinium+uliginosum Altervista Flora Italiana, Falso mirtillo, ''Vaccinium uliginosum'' L.]</ref><ref>{{BONAP|ref |genus=Vaccinium |species=uliginosum |state=1}}</ref>
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It grows on wet [[acid]]ic soils on [[heath (habitat)|heathland]], [[moorland]], [[tundra]], and in the understory of [[Pinophyta|coniferous]] [[forest]]s, from sea level in the Arctic, up to {{convert|3400|m|ft}} altitude in the south of the range.
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==Description==
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''Vaccinium uliginosum'' is a small [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] growing to {{cvt|10|-|75|cm|in|0}} tall, rarely {{cvt|1|m|ft}} tall, with brown stems (unlike the green stems of the closely related [[bilberry]]). The [[leaf|leaves]] are oval, {{cvt|4|-|30|mm|in|2}} long and {{cvt|2|-|15|mm|in|2}} wide, blue-green with pale net-like veins, with a smooth margin and rounded apex.<ref name=galadriel/>
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The [[flower]]s are pendulous, urn-shaped, pale pink, {{cvt|4|–|6|mm|in|2}} long, produced in mid spring. The [[fruit]] is a dark blue-black [[berry (botany)|berry]] {{cvt|5|-|8|mm|in|2}}  diameter, with a white flesh, edible and sweet when ripe in late summer.<ref name=galadriel/>
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<gallery>
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File:Vaccinium ulig.jpg|Flowers
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</gallery>
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===Subspecies===
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Some authors separate them, but these are not considered distinct by all authorities. The subspecies are:
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*''Vaccinium uliginosum'' subsp. ''microphyllum'' <small>Lange</small> – Arctic plants
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*''Vaccinium uliginosum'' subsp. ''occidentale'' <small>(A.Gray) Hultén</small> – North American plants
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*''Vaccinium uliginosum'' subsp. ''uliginosum''
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== Culinary use ==
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In [[Korean cuisine|Korea]], bog bilberry is used in [[infused liquor]].
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<gallery>
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File:Bog bilberry liquor and Korean rhododendron liquor.jpg|''Deuljjuk-[[Korean alcoholic beverages|sul]]'' (bog bilberry liquor) and ''jindallae-sul'' ([[Rhododendron mucronulatum|Korean rhododendron]] liquor) produced in [[North Korea]]
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</gallery>
  
 
==References==
 
==References==
−
<references/>
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{{Reflist|32em}}
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==Further reading==
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* {{cite book |last1=Blamey |first1=M. |last2=Grey-Wilson |first2=C. |date=1989 |title=Flora of Britain and Northern Europe |publisher=Hodder & Stoughton}}
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== External links ==
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*[http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/erica/vacci/vacculiv.jpg Den virtuelle floran – Distribution of ''Vaccinium uliginosum'']
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*{{Calflora|Vaccinium uliginosum |link=1}}
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*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?3449,3607,0,3615  Jepson Manual treatment of ''Vaccinium uliginosum'' ] – ''flora of California''.
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*[http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Vaccinium+&SPECIES_XREF=uliginosum&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: ''Vaccinium uliginosum'']
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*[http://linnet.geog.ubc.ca/Atlas/Atlas.aspx?sciname=Vaccinium+uliginosum Plants of British Columbia: ''Vaccinium uliginosum'']
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*{{CalPhotos|Vaccinium|uliginosum}}
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*{{Commonscat-inline|Vaccinium uliginosum|''Vaccinium uliginosum''}}
  
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{{Ack-Wikipedia}}
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q146967}}
  
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[[Category:Vaccinium]]
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[[Category:Vaccinium|uliginosum]]
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[[Category:Plants for Keenan to eat]]
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[[Category:Berries]]
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[[Category:Alpine flora]]
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[[Category:Arctic flora]]
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[[Category:Flora of the Alps]]
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[[Category:Flora of Europe]]
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[[Category:Flora of temperate Asia]]
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[[Category:Flora of Canada]]
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[[Category:Flora of Greenland]]
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[[Category:Flora of the Northeastern United States]]
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[[Category:Flora of the Western United States]]
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[[Category:Flora of the Sierra Nevada (U.S.)]]
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[[Category:Bird food plants]]
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[[Category:Japanese fruit]]
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[[Category:Plants described in 1753]]
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[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
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[[Category:Blueberries]]

Revision as of 15:09, 13 August 2018

Vaccinium uliginosum
Vaccinium uliginosum fruit.jpg
Leaves and fruit
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Asterids
Order:
Ericales
Family:
Ericaceae
Genus:
Vaccinium
Species:
V. uliginosum
Binomial name
Vaccinium uliginosum
Synonyms[1]
  • Myrtillus grandis Bubani
  • Myrtillus uliginosus (L.) Drejer
  • Vaccinium gaultherioides Bigelow
  • Vaccinium occidentale A. Gray
  • Vaccinium pedris Holub
  • Vaccinium pubescens Wormsk. ex Hornem.
  • Vaccinium salicinum Cham. & Schltdl.

Vaccinium uliginosum (bog bilberry, bog blueberry,[2] northern bilberry or western blueberry[3]) is a Eurasian and North American flowering plant in the genus Vaccinium within the heath family.

Distribution

Blueberries collected in Zakamensky District of Buryatia, Russia

Vaccinium uliginosum is native to cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, at low altitudes in the Arctic, and at high altitudes south to the Pyrenees, the Alps, and the Caucasus in Europe, the mountains of Mongolia, northern China, the Korean Peninsula and central Japan in Asia, and the Sierra Nevada in California and the Rocky Mountains in Utah in North America.[4][5][6][7]

It grows on wet acidic soils on heathland, moorland, tundra, and in the understory of coniferous forests, from sea level in the Arctic, up to 3,400 metres (11,200 ft) altitude in the south of the range.

Description

Vaccinium uliginosum is a small deciduous shrub growing to 10–75 cm (4–30 in) tall, rarely 1 m (3.3 ft) tall, with brown stems (unlike the green stems of the closely related bilberry). The leaves are oval, 4–30 mm (0.16–1.18 in) long and 2–15 mm (0.08–0.59 in) wide, blue-green with pale net-like veins, with a smooth margin and rounded apex.[4]

The flowers are pendulous, urn-shaped, pale pink, 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long, produced in mid spring. The fruit is a dark blue-black berry 5–8 mm (0.20–0.31 in) diameter, with a white flesh, edible and sweet when ripe in late summer.[4]

  • Flowers

Subspecies

Some authors separate them, but these are not considered distinct by all authorities. The subspecies are:

  • Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. microphyllum Lange – Arctic plants
  • Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. occidentale (A.Gray) Hultén – North American plants
  • Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. uliginosum

Culinary use

In Korea, bog bilberry is used in infused liquor.

References

  1. ↑ "{{#Property:P225}}". The Plant List. Missouri Botanical Garden. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. ↑ "Vaccinium uliginosum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  3. ↑ Wallace, Gary D. (2017). "Vaccinium uliginosum subsp. occidentale". In Jepson Flora Project. Jepson eFlora. University and Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Vander Kloet, Sam P. (2009). "{{#property:P225}}". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee. Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 8. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  5. ↑ Fang, Ruizheng; Steven, Peter F. "{{#property:P225}}". Flora of China. 14 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  6. ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, Falso mirtillo, Vaccinium uliginosum L.
  7. ↑ "Vaccinium uliginosum". State-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.

Further reading

  • Blamey, M.; Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). Flora of Britain and Northern Europe. Hodder & Stoughton.

External links

Lua error in Module:Taxonbar at line 144: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).

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