Category:Calycanthaceae
| Calycanthaceae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Calycanthus floridus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Laurales |
| Family: | Calycanthaceae Lindl.[1] |
| Genera | |
The Calycanthaceae (sweetshrubs or spicebushes) are a small family of flowering plants in the order Laurales. The family contains three genera and only 10 known species [2], restricted to warm temperate and tropical regions:
- Calycanthus (three species; western and southeastern North America and one species in eastern Asia)
- Chimonanthus (six species; eastern Asia; known as "winter flower" or "wintersweet", some are edible)
- Idiospermum (one species; Queensland, Australia)
They are aromatic, deciduous shrubs growing to 2–4 m tall, except for Idiospermum, which is a large evergreen tree. The flowers are white to red, with spirally arranged tepals. DNA-based phylogenies indicate the Northern Hemisphere Calycanthus and Chimonanthus diverged from each other in the mid-Miocene, while the Australian Idiospermum had already diverged by the Upper Cretaceous and likely represents a remnant of a former Gondwanan distribution of Calycanthaceae that included South America, as indicated by the occurrence of Cretaceous Calycanthaceae fossils in Brazil.
In the APG IV system of 2016 Calycanthaceae are placed in the Magnoliales order in the magnoliids clade.[3]
References
- ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x.
- ↑ Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
- ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385. ISSN 0024-4074.
External links
- Calycanthaceae in L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants.
- Flora of North America: Calycanthaceae
- Flora of China Draft text of Calycanthaceae
- "Molecular phylogeny and intra- and intercontinental biogeography of Calycanthaceae"
Acknowledgements
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Calycanthaceae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.
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