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| | |synonyms_ref = <ref name=grin1/><ref name=grin2/><ref name=grin3/> | | |synonyms_ref = <ref name=grin1/><ref name=grin2/><ref name=grin3/> |
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| − | '''''Vaccinium ovalifolium''''' (commonly known as '''Alaska blueberry''', '''early blueberry''', '''oval-leaf bilberry''', '''oval-leaf blueberry''', and '''oval-leaf huckleberry''')<ref name=grin1/> is a plant in the [[Ericaceae|heath]] family having three varieties, all of which grow in northerly regions, including the [[subarctic]].<ref name=grin1/>
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| − | ==Growth==
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| − | ''Vaccinium ovalifolium'' is a spreading shrub which may grow to {{convert|5|ft|m}} tall. It has pink {{convert|1/4|in|cm|abbr=on|sigfig=2}} urn-shaped flowers. Berries are dark blue, often black, sometimes with a waxy coating.<ref name=sw>{{cite book | last = Ewing | first = Susan | title = The Great Alaska Nature Factbook | publisher = Alaska Northwest Books | location = [[Portland, Oregon]] | year = 1996 | isbn = 0-88240-454-7 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250065711 Flora of North America, ''Vaccinium ovalifolium'' Smith 1817. ]</ref>
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| − | ==Distribution==
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| − | The original variety (i.e. the automatically named ''Vaccinium ovalifolium'' var[iety] ''ovalifolium'') is found on both the eastern and western sides of the [[Pacific Ocean]]; in [[North America]], it is distributed in Canada (in [[Alberta]], [[British Columbia]], [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], [[Nova Scotia]], southern [[Ontario]], south central [[Quebec]], and southern [[Yukon Territory]]); and the United States (in southern [[Alaska]], [[Idaho]], northern [[Michigan]], [[Oregon]], western [[South Dakota]], and [[Washington (state)|Washington]]);<ref>[http://bonap.net/MapGallery/State/Vaccinium%20ovalifolium.png Biota of North America Program 2014 staate-level distribution map]</ref> across the Pacific to Asia and [[Eurasia]], it is distributed in Russia (in [[Kamchatka]], the southern [[Kuril Islands]], [[Primorsky Krai]], and [[Sakhalin]]); and in Japan (in [[Hokkaido]], and central and northern [[Honshu]]).<ref name=grin1/>
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| − | :The two other varieties are confined to Japan and Russia:
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| − | *''V. o.'' var. ''sachalinense'' is only found in [[Sakhalin]] in Russia, and [[Hokkaido]] in Japan.<ref name=grin4/>
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| − | *''V. o.'' var. ''alpinum'' is distributed only within the [[Daisetsuzan Volcanic Group|Daisetsu]] and [[Hidaka Mountains]], both on the island of [[Hokkaido]].<ref name=grin2/>
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| − | ==Uses==
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| − | ''Vaccinium ovalifolium'' is used in [[fruit preserves|jams and jellies]] and for making [[liqueur]]. Blueberry [[herbal tea]] can be made from the leaves, or from the juice of the blueberries themselves.<ref name=sw/>
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| − | ''Vaccinium ovalifolium'' has been used in Russia in the making of [[dye]]s, including the use of its [[tannin]].<ref name=grin1/>
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| − | In the winter, ''Vaccinium ovalifolium'' is an important food source for grazing [[deer]], [[goats]], and [[elk]], and in the summer the nectar feeds [[hummingbird]]s.<ref name=sw/>
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| − | [[File:Vaccinium ovalifolium 6887.JPG|left|thumb|upright|Older bark is greyish, but twigs are brown, yellow or reddish.]]
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| − | {{clear left}}
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| | ==References== | | ==References== |
| | {{Reflist}} | | {{Reflist}} |
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| − | ==External links==
| + | [[Category:Vaccinium]] |
| − | *[http://www.tropicos.org/ImageFullView.aspx?imageid=21345 Photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Russian America (now Alaska) in 1787, isotype of ''Vaccinium ovalifolium'']
| + | [[Category:Plants for Keenan to eat]] |
| − | * [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=47685 Jepson eFlora (TJM2) treatment of ''Vaccinium ovalifolium'' (California huckleberry)]
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| − | * [http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=8200 Calflora taxon report, University of California: ''Vaccinium ovatum'' (California huckleberry, evergreen huckleberry)]
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| − | * [http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=VAOV2 United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile for ''Vaccinium ovatum'' (California huckleberry)]
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| − | * [http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=ucjeps&where-genre=Plant&where-taxon=Vaccinium+ovatum&title_tag=Vaccinium+ovatum ''Vaccinium ovalifolium'' — University of California, Calphotos Photos gallery]
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| − | *[http://cle.royalroads.ca/files-cntr/Mountain_Blueberry_Vaccinium_ovalifolium.pdf Rating Criteria for Non-Timber Quality Codes. 2010. Vaccinium ovalifolium. Common name: Mountain blueberry; oval-leaved blueberry. 1 MacKinnon, A., J. Pojar, and R. Coupe. 1992. Plants of northern British Columbia. B.C. Ministry of Forests and Long Pine Publishing. Victoria, British Columbia, Canada] description, criteria for judging quality of fruit
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| − | *[http://www.uaf.edu/files/ces/publications-db/catalog/anr/HGA-00232D.pdf University of Alaska @ Fairbanks, Native Plants of Alaska, Oval-leafed Blueberry] photos, description, propagation information
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| − | *[http://molbiol.ru/forums/lofiversion/index.php/t217978.html Черника овальнолистная (''Vaccinium ovalifolium'', Ericaceae)] in Russian with photos
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| − | {{Commons category|Vaccinium ovalifolium|position=left}}
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| − | {{Taxonbar|from=Q143673}}
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| − | [[Category:Vaccinium|ovalifolium]] | |
| − | [[Category:Blueberries]]
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| − | [[Category:Flora of North America]]
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| − | [[Category:Flora of Japan]]
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| − | [[Category:Flora of the Russian Far East]]
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| − | [[Category:Plants described in 1817]] | |
| − | [[Category:Garden plants of North America]]
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| − | [[Category:Bird food plants]]
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