Difference between revisions of "Cyperaceae"

Latest revision as of 16:05, 30 September 2017

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Category:Cyperaceae

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-{{automatic taxobox
+#redirect [[:Category:Cyperaceae]]
-|taxon=Cyperaceae
-|authority=[[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract | format= PDF |accessdate=2013-06-26 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }}</ref>
-|image=Pycreus.jpg|image_caption=''[[Cyperus polystachyos]]'' flower head
-|subdivision_ranks=[[Genus|Genera]]
-|subdivision=About 109 (not all listed here)
-}}
-The '''Cyperaceae''' are a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[monocotyledon]]ous [[graminoid]] [[flowering plant]]s known as '''sedges''', which superficially resemble [[Poaceae|grasses]] and [[Juncaceae|rushes]]. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species described in about 90 [[genus|genera]],<ref name="Christenhusz-Byng2016">{{cite journal |author1=Christenhusz, M. J. M. |author2=Byng, J. W. | year = 2016 | title = The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 261 | pages = 201–217 | url = http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/download/phytotaxa.261.3.1/20598 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 | issue = 3 | publisher = Magnolia Press }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=R. Govaerts |author2=D. A. Simpson |author3=with J. Bruhl |author4=T. Egorova |author5=P. Goetghebeur |author6=K. Wilson |year=2007 |title=Word Checklist of Cyperaceae: Sedges |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |isbn=978-1-84246-199-0}}</ref> the largest being the ''[[Carex]]'' genus of "true sedges"<ref>{{cite web | title=Sedge family – definition and more from the free Mirriam-Webster Dictionary | publisher=Mirriam-Webster | url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sedge%20family | accessdate=25 December 2013 }}</ref><ref name="MilneMilne1975">{{cite book|last1= Milne|first1=Lorus Johnson|last2=Milne|first2=Margery Joan Greene | title=Living plants of the world | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IKXuAAAAMAAJ|year=1975|publisher=Random House|page=301}}</ref> with over 2,000 species.<ref name="Hipp2007">{{cite journal|last1=Hipp| first1=Andrew L.|title=Nonuniform processes of chromosome evolution in sedges (Carex: Cyperaceae) | journal=Evolution|volume=61|issue=9|year=2007|pages=2175–2194| issn=0014-3820|doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00183.x | url=http://systematics.mortonarb.org/lab/publications/Hipp2007_Evol61_chromosomeEvolution.pdf| pmid=17767589}}</ref> These species are widely distributed, with the centers of diversity for the group occurring in [[tropic]]al [[Asia]] and tropical [[South America]]. While sedges may be found growing in almost all environments, many are associated with [[wetlands]], or with poor soils. [[Community (ecology)|Ecological communities]] dominated by sedges are known as sedgelands.
-Features distinguishing members of the sedge family from grasses or rushes are stems with triangular cross-sections (with occasional exceptions) and leaves that are spirally arranged in three ranks (grasses have alternate leaves forming two ranks).<ref name="backyardnature">{{cite web | url=http://www.backyardnature.net/fl_caryx.htm|title=Grasslike non-grasses|publisher=Backyard Nature|accessdate=December 30, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Peter W. Ball |author2=A. A. Reznicek |author3=David F. Murray |chapter=210. Cyperaceae Jussieu |editor=Flora of North Americaial Committee |title=Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Cyperaceae|series=[[Flora of North America]]|volume=23|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-19-515207-4 |url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=10246}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/monocots/glumiflorae/glummm.html |title=Glumiflorae: More on Morphology |publisher=[[University of California, Berkeley]]|author=Brian R. Speer|date=September 29, 1995|accessdate=March 23, 2007}}</ref>
-Some well-known sedges include the water chestnut (''[[Eleocharis dulcis]]'') and the [[papyrus]] sedge (''[[Cyperus papyrus]]''), from which the [[Ancient Egypt]]ian [[writing material]] was made. This family also includes cotton-grass (''[[Eriophorum]]''), spike-rush (''[[Eleocharis]]''), sawgrass (''[[Cladium]]''), nutsedge or nutgrass (''[[Cyperus rotundus]]'', a common lawn weed), and white star sedge (''[[Rhynchospora colorata]]'').
-==Selected genera==
-[[File:Cyperus rotundus by kadavoor.JPG|thumb|''[[Cyperus rotundus]]'', [[Kerala]]]]
-[[File:Eriophorum latifolium1.jpg|thumb|upright|Broad-leaved cotton-grass (''[[Eriophorum latifolium]]'')]]
-[[File:Carex serotina, caoe 002 pvp.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Carex serotina'']]
-{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
-*''[[Abildgaardia]]''
-*''[[Actinoscirpus]]''
-*''[[Actinoschoenus]]''
-*''[[Afrotrilepis]]''
-*''[[Alinula]]''
-*''[[Amphiscirpus]]''
-*''[[Androtrichum]]''
-*''[[Arthrostylis]]''
-*''[[Ascolepis]]''
-*''[[Becquerelia]]''
-*''[[Baumea]]''
-*''[[Blysmus]]''
-*''[[Bolboschoenus]]''
-*''[[Bulbostylis]]''
-*''[[Carex]]''
-*''[[Cladium]]''
-*''[[Coleochloa]]''
-*''[[Cymophyllus]]''
-*''[[Cyperus]]''
-*''[[Desmoschoenus]]''
-*''[[Dulichium (plant)|Dulichium]]''
-*''[[Eleocharis]]''
-*''[[Eleogiton]]''
-*''[[Kobresia|Elyna]]''
-*''[[Eriophorum]]''
-*''[[Ficinia]]''
-*''[[Fimbristylis]]''
-*''[[Fuirena]]''
-*''[[Gahnia]]''
-*''[[Hypolytrum]]''
-*''[[Isolepis]]''
-*''[[Kobresia]]''
-*''[[Kyllinga]]''
-*''[[Lagenocarpus]]''
-*''[[Lepidosperma]]''
-*''[[Lepironia]]''
-*''[[Lipocarpha]]''
-*''[[Machaerina]]''
-*''[[Mapania]]''
-*''[[Mariscus]]''
-*''[[Mesomelaena]]''
-*''[[Morelotia]]''
-*''[[Oreobolus]]''
-*''[[Oxycaryum]]''
-*''[[Pycreus]]''
-*''[[Remirea]]''
-*''[[Rhynchospora]]''
-*''[[Schoenoplectus]]''
-*''[[Schoenoplectiella]]''
-*''[[Schoenus (plant)|Schoenus]]''
-*''[[Scirpodendron]]''
-*''[[Scirpoides]]''
-*''[[Scirpus]]''
-*''[[Scleria]]''
-*''[[Trichophorum]]''
-*''[[Uncinia]]''
-*''[[Websteria]]''
-{{div col end}}
-==References==
-{{reflist|32em}}
-==External links==
-*[http://www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Cyperaceae/ Cyperaceae] at [http://www.theplantlist.org/ ''The Plant List'']
-*[http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/Cyperace.htm Cyperaceae] at [https://web.archive.org/web/20101213041459/http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ ''The Families of Flowering Plants (DELTA)'']
-*[http://eol.org/pages/8211/overview Cyperaceae] at the [http://eol.org/ ''Encyclopedia of Life'']
-*[http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/poalesweb.htm#Cyperaceae Cyperaceae] at the [http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/ ''Angiosperm Phylogeny Website'']
-*[http://www.kew.org/science/cyperaceae.html Cyperaceae] at the [http://www.kew.org/ ''Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew'']
-*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=10246 Cyperaceae] at the online [http://www.fna.org/ ''Flora of North America'']
-*[http://michiganflora.net/family.aspx?id=CYPERACEAE Cyperaceae] at the online [http://herbarium.lsa.umich.edu/ ''Flora of Michigan'']
-*[http://www.habitas.org.uk/flora/splist.asp?Family=Cyperaceae Cyperaceae] at the online [http://www.habitas.org.uk/flora/index.html ''Flora of Northern Ireland'']
-*[http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/family.php?family_id=69 Cyperaceae] at the online [http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/index.php ''Flora of Zimbabwe'']
-*[http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/22752 Cyperaceae] at the online [http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au/ ''Flora of Western Australia'']
-*[http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=fm&name=CYPERACEAE Cyperaceae] at the online [http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/ ''Flora of New South Wales'']
-*[http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/Taxon.aspx?id=_1e54420d-4141-42d3-ae9b-528a9b6eb0ae&fileName=Flora%202.xml Cyperaceae] at the online [http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/index.aspx ''Flora of New Zealand'']
-*[http://www.flowersinisrael.com/FamCyperaceae.html Cyperaceae] at [http://www.flowersinisrael.com ''Flowers in Israel'']
-{{Ack-Wikipedia}}
-[[Category:Poales]]

Difference between revisions of "Cyperaceae"

Latest revision as of 16:05, 30 September 2017

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