Difference between revisions of "Fagales"

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{{Automatic taxobox
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#redirect [[:Category:Fagales]]
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| taxon = Fagales
 
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| image = Buchenwald 1.jpg
 
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| image_caption = ''Fagus sylvatica''
 
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| authority = [[Adolf Engler|Engl.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract | format= PDF |accessdate=2013-07-06 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }}</ref>
 
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| subdivision_ranks = Families
 
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| subdivision =
 
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* [[Betulaceae]]
 
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* [[Casuarinaceae]]
 
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* [[Fagaceae]]
 
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* [[Juglandaceae]]
 
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* [[Myricaceae]]
 
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* [[Nothofagaceae]]
 
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* [[Ticodendron|Ticodendraceae]]
 
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| synonyms =
 
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* Betulales <small>Martius</small>
 
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* Carpinales <small>Döll</small>
 
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* Casuarinales <small>Berchtold & J. Presl</small>
 
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* Casuarinanae <small>Reveal & Doweld</small>
 
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* Corylales <small>Dumortier</small>
 
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* Faganae <small>Takhtajan</small>
 
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* Juglandales <small>Berchtold & J. Presl</small>
 
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* Juglandanae <small>Reveal</small>
 
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* Juglandineae <small>Thorne & Reveal</small>
 
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* Myricales <small>Martius</small>
 
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* Myricineae <small>Thorne & Reveal</small>
 
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* Nothofagales <small>Doweld</small>
 
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* Quercales <small>Burnett</small>
 
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* Rhoipteleales <small>Reveal</small>
 
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}}
 
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The '''Fagales''' are an [[order (biology)|order]] of [[flowering plant]]s, including some of the best-known [[tree]]s.  The order name is derived from [[genus]] ''Fagus'', [[beech]]es.  They belong among the [[rosid]] group of [[dicotyledon]]s. The families and genera currently included are as follows:
 
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*[[Betulaceae]] - birch family (''[[Alnus]]'', ''[[Betula]]'', ''[[Carpinus]]'', ''[[Corylus]]'', ''[[Ostrya]]'', ''[[Ostryopsis]]'')
 
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*[[Casuarinaceae]] - she-oak family (''[[Allocasuarina]]'', ''[[Casuarina]]'', ''Ceuthostoma'', ''Gymnostoma'')
 
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*[[Fagaceae]] - beech family (''[[Castanea (genus)|Castanea]]'', ''[[Castanopsis]]'', ''[[Chrysolepis]]'', ''[[Colombobalanus]]'', ''[[Beech|Fagus]]'', ''[[Formanodendron]]'', ''[[Lithocarpus]]'', ''[[Notholithocarpus]]'', ''[[Quercus]]'', ''[[Trigonobalanus]]'')
 
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*[[Juglandaceae]] - walnut family (''[[Alfaroa]]'', ''[[Carya]]'', ''[[Cyclocarya]]'', ''[[Engelhardia]]'', ''[[Juglans]]'', ''[[Oreomunnea]]'',  ''[[Platycarya]]'', ''[[Pterocarya]]'', ''[[Rhoiptelea]]'')
 
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*[[Myricaceae]] - bayberry family (''[[Canacomyrica]]'', ''[[Comptonia (plant)|Comptonia]]'', ''[[Myrica]]'')
 
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*[[Nothofagaceae]] - southern beech family (''[[Fuscospora]]'',  ''[[Lophozonia]]'', ''[[Nothofagus]]'', ''[[Trisyngyne]]'')
 
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*[[Ticodendron|Ticodendraceae]] - ticodendron family (''[[Ticodendron]]'')
 
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The older [[Cronquist system]] only included four families (Betulaceae, Corylaceae, Fagaceae, Ticodendraceae; Corylaceae now being included within Betulaceae); this arrangement is followed by, for example, the World checklist of selected plant families (see external link below). The other families were split into three different orders, placed among the [[Hamamelidae]].  The Casuarinales comprised the single family Casuarinaceae, the Juglandales comprised the Juglandaceae and Rhoipteleaceae, and the Myricales comprised the remaining forms (plus ''[[Balanops]]'').  The change is due to studies suggesting the Myricales, so defined, are [[paraphyletic]] to the other two groups.
 
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==Systematics==
 
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Modern [[molecular phylogenetics]] suggest the following relationships:<ref name=APGIII2009/>
 
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{{Clade| style=line-height:75%;
 
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|1={{clade
 
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  |1=[[Cucurbitales]]&nbsp;([[Outgroup (cladistics)|outgroup]])
 
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  |label2=Fagales
 
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  |2={{clade
 
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    |1=[[Nothofagaceae]]
 
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    |2={{clade
 
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      |1=[[Fagaceae]]
 
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      |2={{clade
 
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        |1={{clade
 
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          |1=[[Myricaceae]]
 
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          |2=[[Juglandaceae]]
 
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          }}
 
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        |2={{clade
 
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          |1={{clade
 
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            |1=[[Ticodendraceae]]
 
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            |2=[[Betulaceae]]
 
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            }}
 
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          |2=[[Casuarinaceae]]
 
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          }}
 
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        }}
 
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      }}
 
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    }}
 
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  }}
 
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}}
 
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==References==
 
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{{reflist}}
 
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==External links==
 
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*[http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/fagalesweb.htm Missouri Botanical Gardens - Fagales]
 
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*[http://www.kew.org/wcb/aboutfag.html WCSP: World checklist of selected plant families ]
 
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[[Category:Fagales| ]]
 
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[[Category:Rosid orders]]
 
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[[Category:Angiosperm orders]]
 

Latest revision as of 19:50, 8 September 2017

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