Difference between revisions of "Haemodoraceae"

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{{Taxobox
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#redirect [[:Category:Haemodoraceae]]
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|name = Haemodoraceae
 
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|image = Anigozanthos.flavidus1.jpg
 
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|image_caption = Kangaroo Paw (''[[Anigozanthos flavidus]]'')
 
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|regnum = [[Plantae]]
 
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|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
 
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|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
 
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|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
 
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|ordo = [[Commelinales]]
 
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|familia = '''Haemodoraceae'''
 
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|familia_authority = [[Robert Brown (Scottish botanist from Montrose)|R.Br.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract | format= PDF |accessdate=2013-06-26 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }}</ref>
 
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|subdivision_ranks = genera
 
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|subdivision = The family has about 21 genera.
 
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}}
 
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'''Haemodoraceae''' is a family of perennial herbaceous [[flowering plants]] with 14 genera and 102 known species.<ref name="Christenhusz-Byng2016">{{cite journal |author1=Christenhusz, M. J. M. |author2=Byng, J. W. | year = 2016 | title = The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 261 | pages = 201–217 | url = http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/download/phytotaxa.261.3.1/20598 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 | issue = 3 | publisher = Magnolia Press }}</ref> It is sometimes known as the "Bloodwort family". Primarily a Southern Hemisphere family, they are found in [[South Africa]], [[Australia]] and [[New Guinea]], and in the [[Americas]] (from SE U.S.A. to tropical South America). Perhaps the best known are the widely cultivated and unusual Kangaroo Paws from Australia, of the two closely related genera  ''[[Anigozanthos]]'' and ''[[Macropidia]]''.
 
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==Taxonomy==
 
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[[Image:Bush-Pearl-in-RBG-Cranbourne.jpg|thumb|left|180px|''Anigozanthos'' Bush Pearl. [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Cranbourne]].]]
 
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The [[APG II system]], of 2003 (unchanged from the [[APG system]], of 1998), also recognizes this family and places it in the order [[Commelinales]], in the clade [[commelinids]], in the [[monocots]]. The family of the Haemodoraceae then includes about sixteen sub-tropical or tropical genera found in the southern hemisphere, two in North America and three known cultivated genera in Europe.<ref name=Walters>{{cite book|last=Walters|first=Stuart Max|title=The European Garden Flora: Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Angiospermae|year=1986|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-24859-0|pages=290|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1dd5M-ToXAcC&pg=PA290&dq=haemodoraceae&hl=cs&sa=X&ei=gxJWT8PGFsKWOq-xoL4I&ved=0CE0Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=haemodoraceae&f=false}}</ref>
 
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Haemodoraceae is characterized by distichous leathery [[Leaf|leaves]], which are alternate, succulent, rather large and often ensiform, with entire margins and parallel veins.<ref name=Darlington>{{cite book|last=Darlington|first=William|title=Flora cestrica: an herborizing companion for the young botanists of Chester County...Pennsylvania|year=1853|publisher=Lindsay & Blakiston|location=Philadelphia|pages=317|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=voFIAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA317&dq=Haemodoraceae+distichous+leaves&hl=cs&sa=X&ei=SRpWT8bHJYzP4QTcqpiGCg&sqi=2&ved=0CDIQuwUwAA#v=onepage&q=Haemodoraceae%20distichous%20leaves&f=false |OCLC=4039950}}</ref> The leaves are enclosed by a sheath with free margins and alternate, distichous (= in two vertical ranks).
 
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The plants are hermaphroditic. Pollinators are primarily insects, but also birds or sometimes a small mammal. The wooly-haired [[flower]]s grow at the end of a leafles stalk, in cymes (with lateral branches), panicles or racemes.
 
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==Potentially confused plants==
 
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The term bloodwort can also apply to [[Sanguinaria canadensis]] (more often called bloodroot) or [[Achillea millefolium]] (more often called yarrow or common yarrow).
 
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==Genera==
 
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{{Columns-list|2|
 
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*''[[Anigozanthos]]'' - Kangaroo Paws
 
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*''[[Barberetta]]''
 
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*''[[Blancoa]]''
 
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*''[[Conostylis]]''
 
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*''[[Dilatris]]''
 
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*''[[Haemodorum]]'' - Bloodroots
 
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*''[[Lachnanthes]]''
 
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*''[[Macropidia]]'' - Black Kangaroo Paw
 
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*''[[Phlebocarya]]''
 
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*''[[Pyrrorhiza]]''
 
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*''[[Schiekia]]''
 
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*''[[Tribonanthes]]''
 
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*''[[Xiphidium]]''
 
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*''[[Wachendorfia]]''
 
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}}
 
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==References==
 
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{{Reflist}}
 
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==External links==
 
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{{commons category|Haemodoraceae}}
 
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* [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/haemodor.htm Haemodoraceae] in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards).
 
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* [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ The families of flowering plants] Descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval. 
 
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* ''[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1200&taxon_id=10393 Monocot families]'' (USDA)
 
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* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Tree&id=54924&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock NCBI Taxonomy Browser] National Center for Biotechnology Information
 
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* [http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/cgi/gateway_family?fam=Haemodoraceae Haemodoraceae] at CSDL
 
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* [http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/search/quick?q=Haemodoraceae&x=0&y=0 overview of taxa in Western Australia] (144 entries)
 
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{{taxonbar}}
 
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[[Category:Haemodoraceae]]
 
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[[Category:Commelinid families]]
 

Latest revision as of 19:25, 8 September 2017

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