Difference between revisions of "Brassicales"

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{{Automatic taxobox
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#redirect [[:Category:Brassicales]]
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| taxon = Brassicales
 
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| image = LookZonderLook-bloem-hr.jpg
 
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| image_caption = ''[[Alliaria petiolata]]'', garlic mustard ([[Brassicaceae]])
 
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| authority = [[Edward Bromhead|Bromhead]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract | format= PDF |accessdate=2013-07-06 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }}</ref>
 
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| subdivision_ranks = Families
 
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| subdivision =
 
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* [[Akaniaceae]]
 
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* [[Bataceae]]
 
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* [[Brassicaceae]]
 
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* [[Capparaceae]]
 
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* [[Caricaceae]]
 
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* [[Cleomaceae]]
 
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* [[Emblingiaceae]]
 
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* [[Gyrostemonaceae]]
 
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* [[Koeberliniaceae]]
 
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* [[Limnanthaceae]]
 
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* [[Moringa]]ceae
 
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* [[Pentadiplandraceae]]
 
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* [[Resedaceae]]
 
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* [[Salvadoraceae]]
 
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* [[Setchellanthaceae]]
 
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* [[Tovariaceae]]
 
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* [[Tropaeolaceae]]
 
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}}
 
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The '''Brassicales''' (or '''Cruciales''') are an [[order (biology)|order]] of [[flowering plant]]s, belonging to the [[eurosids II]] group of [[dicotyledon]]s under the [[APG II]] system.<ref>{{cite journal |author=[[Angiosperm Phylogeny Group]] |year=2003 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II |journal=[[Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society]] |volume=141 |issue=4 |pages=399–436 |doi=10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x}}</ref> One character common to many members of the order is the production of [[glucosinolate]] (mustard oil) compounds. Most systems of classification have included this order, although sometimes under the name '''Capparales''' (the name chosen depending on which is thought to have priority).<ref name="hall2002">{{cite journal |author=Jocelyn C. Hall, Kenneth J. Sytsma & Hugh H. Iltis |year=2002 |title=Phylogeny of Capparaceae and Brassicaceae based on chloroplast sequence data |journal=[[American Journal of Botany]] |volume=89 |issue=11 |pages=1826–1842 |pmid=21665611 |doi=10.3732/ajb.89.11.1826}}</ref>
 
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The order typically contains the following families:<ref name="Haston">{{cite journal |author1=Elspeth Haston |author2=James E. Richardson |author3=Peter F. Stevens |author4=Mark W. Chase |author5=David J. Harris |year=2007 |title=A linear sequence of Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II families |journal=[[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] |volume=56 |issue=1 |pages=7–12 |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax/2007/00000056/00000001/art00002}}</ref>
 
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* [[Akaniaceae]] - two species of turnipwood trees, native to Asia and eastern Australia
 
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* [[Bataceae]] – salt-tolerant shrubs from America and [[Australasia]]
 
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* [[Brassicaceae]] – [[Mustard plant|mustard]] and [[cabbage]] family; may include the [[Cleomaceae]]
 
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* [[Capparaceae]] – [[caper]] family, sometimes included in [[Brassicaceae]]
 
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* [[Caricaceae]] – [[papaya]] family
 
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* [[Cleomaceae]]<ref name=APGIII2009 />
 
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* [[Gyrostemonaceae]] - several genera of small shrubs and trees endemic to temperate parts of Australia
 
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* [[Koeberliniaceae]] - one species of thorn bush native to Mexico and the US Southwest
 
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* [[Limnanthaceae]] – [[meadowfoam]] family
 
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* [[Moringa]]ceae – thirteen species of trees from Africa and India
 
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* [[Pentadiplandraceae]] - African species whose berries have two highly sweet tasting proteins
 
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* [[Resedaceae]] – [[Mignonette (Reseda)|mignonette]] family
 
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* [[Salvadoraceae]] - three genera found from Africa to Java
 
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* [[Setchellanthaceae]]
 
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* [[Tovariaceae]]
 
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* [[Tropaeolaceae]] – [[Tropaeolum|nasturtium]] family
 
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Under the [[Cronquist system]], the Brassicales were called the Capparales, and included among the "[[Dilleniidae]]".  The only families included were the [[Brassicaceae]] and [[Capparaceae]] (treated as separate families), the [[Tovariaceae]], [[Resedaceae]], and [[Moringaceae]].  Other taxa now included here were placed in various other orders.
 
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[[File:Cleome (Spider Flower) in Gavi.jpg|thumb|upright|''[[Cleome hassleriana]]'']]
 
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The families Capparaceae and Brassicaceae are closely related.  One group, consisting of ''[[Cleome]]'' and related genera, was traditionally included in the Capparaceae but doing so results in a [[paraphyletic]] Capparaceae.<ref name="hall2002" />  Therefore, this group is generally now either included in the Brassicaceae or as its own family, [[Cleomaceae]].<ref name="Haston" /><ref>{{cite journal |author=Jocelyn C. Hall, Hugh H. Iltis & Kenneth J. Sytsma |year=2004 |title=Molecular phylogenetics of core Brassicales, placement of orphan genera ''Emblingia'', ''Forchhammeria'', ''Tirania'', and character evolution |journal=[[Systematic Botany]] |volume=29 |pages=654–669 |doi=10.1600/0363644041744491 |url=http://www.botany.wisc.edu/sytsma/pdf/Hall2004.pdf |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]]}}</ref>
 
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== References ==
 
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{{reflist|32em}}
 
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== External links ==
 
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*{{Commons category-inline|Brassicales}}
 
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{{taxonbar}}
 
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[[Category:Brassicales| ]]
 
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[[Category:Rosid orders]]
 
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{{Brassicales-stub}}
 
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[[Category:Angiosperm orders]]
 

Latest revision as of 11:39, 25 July 2017

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